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CHAPTER 10: DIGESTION

10:1: THE PROCESS OF DIGESTION

Digestive System –

Breakdown of Food

·        

·        

The Digestive System is like a Factory

·       Ex: Iron Ore à factory à steel for cars (usable materials)

·       Ex: Food à digestive system à digested food à body tissues

Digestion –

Physical and Chemical Changes in Digestion:

10-2: THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Nutrients are Digested

·       ________________________ can move directly from your digestive system into body cells _____________________

·       ____________________________________ to _____________ ______________ them before they are ____________________

·       _________________________________

(ex: lipases break down lipids, proteases break down proteins)

·       The ________________________________________________ for each different nutrient

The Digestive System (fig 10-3)

Tracing the Path Through the Digestive System

The digestive system is ___________ long – 5 times longer than you!

It is long so that it will ______________________________________ ____________________________________________.

Moving Digested Food Into Body Cells

·       Food gets out of the small intestine and ____________________ _______________________.

·       The inside lining of the small intestine has many ______________ ____________________________.

·       Each villus contains ____________________________________.

·       From here, ___________________________________________ ________________________.

·       Villi allow small intestines to ______________________________ ___________________________________________ that comes in contact with digested food.

Digestion in Other Animals

·       Herbivores have ________________________ (cows, rabbits). Because they eat plants, and ___________________________ ___________________________________________________ into a usable form

·       Carnivores have _________________________ (cats, wolves).

·       2 body openings (mouth + anus) are ____________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________.

·       Some animals have a digestive system with only 1 body opening that serves as a _______________________ (hydra). This is _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________.

·       A few animals have ________________________ (tapeworm). They live inside the digestive system of other animals as a __________________________________________________.

Problems of the Digestive System

1.         Ulcer – _____________________________________________

·       _________________________________ or “eaten away”

·       Caused by ____________________________________

·       Mucus (thick, sticky material) normally __________________ _______________________, protecting them from acids and enzymes

2.         Heartburn – _________________________________________ ______________________________________

·       Caused by ______________________ à stomach can only hold so much food à some food backs up into esophagus