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CHAPTER 9: NUTRITION

9:1 – WHAT ARE THE NUTRIENTS IN FOOD?

I. Food

·       __________________ for living things, like gas is fuel for a car.

·       Cells use ___________________________

·       Food must be supplied in the ___________________________

Nutrients:

Nutrition:

6 Nutrients:

A. Proteins, Fats and Carbs

What Percent of Nutrients is Your Body Made up of?

Males                                              Females

What Nutrients Does Your Body Need?

·       The amount of ______________________________________ to the amount ______________________________

·       You ____________________________ than proteins because your body uses them more quickly _________________.

·       _________________________________________________ depending on your level of activity and what your body uses

B. Vitamins –

·       A _________________ supplies you with daily necessary vitamins

·       Packaging ___________ tell you what vitamins are in foods

·       Vitamins have ___________________ (Vitamin C = Ascorbic Acid)

Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) –

Percent Daily Value (%DV) –

C. Minerals –

D. Water

Water is important because:

1.         ____________________________________________________

2.         ____________________________________________________

3.         ____________________________________________________

·       The average adult needs to take in _________________________

·       Most _______________________________ – additional water source (watermelon is 93% water, hot dogs are 55% water…)

II. Supplying Nutrients to Your Body

Balanced Diet –

The Food Pyramid:

9:2 – CALORIES

I. Energy in Food

Calorie –

More calories = More potential energy.

·       ______________________________ à it can be “___________” like oil or coal

·         

·       A “__________” is the __________________________________ ____________________________________________________.

·       During _________________________, _____________________ (“burned”), producing ___________ and _________:

Food Molecules à à(burned) à à Energy for Cells + Heat

·       _________ given off during metabolism (breaking down of food) is used to ____________________________ (98.6°F).

·       The ____________ produced is used to ____________________ ____________________________________________________

II. Calorie Content of Food

________ has approximately ______ times ______________________ than ________________or ____________________.

Fats = ____ cal/g; Carbs & Proteins = ____ cal/g

Ex:

5 grams of bread = ____ calories

5 grams of ham = ____ calories

5 grams of butter = ____ calories

III. Using Calories

·       Your body needs a certain number of calories to keep your weight the same

What determines the amount of calories you need to eat?

1.         _________________ (males require more calories)

2.         _________________ (taller, bigger people require more calories)

3.         ___________________________ (athletes require more calories)

If more calories are taken in than used, the ______________________ _________________.

IV. Calculating Body Mass Index (BMI)

________________________ X ________________________

If your BMI is ______________________, you are considered to be _________________.